GSP 202 COMPILATIONS

UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA

SCHOOL OF GENERAL STUDIES

(SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT)

GSP 202 COMPILATIONS

BY:

NICK

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NICK CHINEDU (aka Nickcares)

This compilations was a quick tips to guide every students of

University Of Nigeria Nsukka offering GSP 202 an easy insight and

quick reading approach. I have tried my best to arrange all the

materials for quick access and easy understanding. PLEASE NOTE:

All the write ups in this materials remains the Property of SCHOOL OF

GENERAL STUDIES, SOCIAL SCIENCE UNIT. I only arranged it and in no

way contributed to any of the write ups. Please be reminded that I

might update this pdf any moment I receive more materials from our

lecturers. Please all photocopiers should try and include this cover

page. THANK FOR YOUR TIME. TOGETHER WE SHALL MAKE IT.

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Page 2

CHAPTER ONE

HISTORY, EVOLUTION AND NATURE OF PEACE AND CONFLICT STUDIES

By:

Kingsley CW Udegbunam, PhD

Email: kingsley.udegbunam@unn.edu.ng

Introduction

Peace and Conflict Studies (PCS) developed as an academic field of study in the 1940s

through to the 1960s. It evolved as a multidisciplinary enterprise in the social sciences

tradition.

Defining Peace and Conflict Studies

Three positions have emerged from the debates on what should be field of study be

called. These are those who adopt the term

Peace and Conflict Studies

; those who think

the discipline should go by the name

Conflict Resolution

; and those who argue for

Conflict Transformation

.

Notable peace scholars such as Oliver Ramsbotham, Tom Woodhouse and Hugh Miall

(2011) are persuaded that the generic term for the field should be “conflict resolution”.

They advance four reasons for their position. First, because it was the earliest term used

to define the new field. Second, because it is still the most widely used term among

analysts and practitioners. Third, because “conflict resolution” is the term most familiar

to the media and the public. Lastly, because “conflict transformation” is inherently

indeterminate unless further qualified.

In addition to the fourth reason above, it can be argued that “conflict transformation” is

too narrow a term and can be conveniently accommodated by other terms such as

“conflict resolution” or “peace and conflict studies”. However, the other three reasons

advanced by Ramsbotham, Woodhouse, and Miall are not sufficient reasons to adopt

“conflict resolution” as a generic term for the field.

Their second argument is also not very persuasive. There are as many analysts and

practitioners who use the term Peace and Conflict Studies. The third reason advanced by

Ramsbotham, Woodhouse, and Miall is that “conflict resolution” is the term most